The main hazards of endoparasites to the host are the seizure of nutrients and substances necessary for normal life activities, toxic effects of secretions and excretions, mechanical effects, and the transmission of microorganisms.

The host is immune to parasitic infection, and the immune action has a defensive function against the parasite. Innate immunity (natural immunity) is particularly pronounced for parasites that are not inherent to the body, for example, a person will never be infected with Plasmodium fowler. Acquired immunity is generally manifested as immunity with worms, where the host maintains some immunity to the worm when it is present. When the worm decreases or disappears, the immunity decreases gradually, or even not at all.

In conclusion, parasitic infection and host immunity are a struggle that is largely determined by the reactivity of the organism. As a result of the interaction between the two, either the parasite is eliminated by the host, or the host becomes a carrier without showing any symptoms despite the parasite's presence in the body; or it presents a disease state (i.e., suffering from parasitic disease).

Ace Therapeutics provides a one-stop shop for parasite-host/colony interaction studies. Careful design and standard services ensure high-quality results.

Service Options for Endoparasite-Host Interaction Study

1. Nucleic acid-nucleic acid interactions

We provide dual luciferase reporter gene assay (DLR) service to explore nucleic acid-nucleic acid interactions and provide a theoretical basis for the study of endoparasites-host interactions.

2. Nucleic acid-protein interactions

Protein-nucleic acid interactions are widely found in the regulation of the life activities of parasites and hosts. The processes of gene replication, transcription, translation, and modification are inseparable from nucleic acid and protein interactions. We provide RNA pull-down+mass spectrometry, dual luciferase, chromatin immunoprecipitation, gel migration or electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), yeast single hybridization, DNA pulls down and other techniques to detect DNA/RNA-protein interactions for the study of endoparasites-host interactions mechanism.

3. Protein-protein interactions

Proteins are the executors of life activities and can perform life activities as single molecules or as complexes. Protein-molecule interactions are a way for protein molecules to form complexes and perform their functions. We can provide immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and yeast two-hybrid techniques to detect protein-molecule interactions. Among them, the results of immunoprecipitation experiments have the advantage of being closer to the information of protein interactions under real physiological conditions; together with GST pull-down, we can study whether the proteins interact with each other directly or indirectly; and yeast two-hybrid has the advantage of higher sensitivity for studying low-expressed proteins and transiently expressed proteins. These provide powerful tools for studying endoparasites-host interactions.

4. Dual RNA-seq

We provide a Dual RNA-seq service, which is mainly aimed at solving the problem of interactions between endoparasites and hosts. We can study the transcription and gene regulation of two or more species simultaneously, reveal the dynamic changes of endoparasite-host interaction, and explore the mechanism of interspecies interaction by constructing one library.

Service Details

• Sample type: a nucleic acid/protein, tissue/cell of the parasite, or/and host.
• Delivery content: experiment report, including experimental reagents, steps, results, and pictures.
• Service fee: please get it through online inquiry.

• Parasitology discovery and pre-research service
• Parasitology metabolism research service
• Parasitology target and structure function research
• Parasitology effectiveness evaluation service
• Parasitology safety evaluation service
• Parasitology pharmacological research service