Infectious strains include Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., Sporotrichum spp., Chromobacterium spp., Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium spp. Deep fungi mostly invade and spread through respiratory inhalation or through skin trauma. The lesions spread from local to systemic, invading human tissues, organs, or blood, showing systemic symptoms, respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and urinary symptoms, and involving more complex interactions between microorganisms and hosts. The efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity assessment of systemic administration of drugs for deep fungal infections rely on whole animals and animal models. Different animal models have different requirements due to different fungal species, methods of infection, and host responses.

Ace Therapeutics offers a customized mouse model of deep fungal infection. This model is important for further studies of fungal pathogenesis, host antifungal immune responses, fungus-host relationships, and host-drug relationships.

Customized Service Options for Deep Skin Fungal Infection Animal Models

• Mouse models for deep dermal fungal infection

[Modeling mechanism] Usually, the infecting strains are Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., Sporotrichum spp., Chromobacterium spp., Aspergillus spp., and Penicillium spp. The strains are derived from standard strains preserved/confirmed by medical fungal preservation units, or identified clinical isolates. The amount of fungal infection and administration of treatment in animals is also measured before modeling.

[Modeling method] The infected fungal suspension is injected intraperitoneally or intravenously. Usually, deep fungal systemic infection experiments are mainly used in mice, intraperitoneal or intravenous injection of 95% of the experimental animals can cause the death of the infected fungal suspension. The drug is usually administered immediately after infection or 6 hours later, by oral, intravenous, or subcutaneous injection. The response of the animals can be observed continuously for 7 days and the number of animal deaths recorded. Efficacy is indicated by the rate of protection of the drug in the animals. Since histoplasmosis infection has been reported to be closely associated with host cell-mediated immune responses, intraperitoneal injection of bacteria into nude mice leads to lethal transmission characterized by reticuloendothelial tissue infection, which can rapidly develop into a model. In addition to considering the relationship between host immune factors and infection, the relationship between the infected animal and the drug should be considered.

[Model characteristics] The model is suitable for general deep fungal infection studies and can be further improved based on the host immune response, infection-host relationship, and host-drug relationship. A few models of deep fungal systemic infections need to be further studied and improved.

[Model evaluation and applications] It is mainly used for the efficacy evaluation of antifungal drugs and infectious immunity studies. The model is designed to consider the pathological mechanism or drug action mechanism of deep fungal infections and therefore has good predictive value.

Note: In addition, there are other modeling services available for you to choose from, please consult us for details.

• Parasitology discovery and pre-research service
• Parasitology metabolism research service
• Parasitology target and structure function research
• Parasitology effectiveness evaluation service
• Parasitology safety evaluation service
• Parasitology pharmacological research service